Hello Friends,
Here I am sharing my views of Structuralism through the advertisement of Amul product. Roland Barthes applied the structuralist method to the general filed of modern culture like advertisement songs , movie etc, and he also gave the example of boxing and wresting and Barthes identified five codes in S/Z.

        This is link of video about the old  advertisement of Amul product, in which we find that how rural  culture and the urban culture interconnected through business of Amul milk and rural people use technology also like mobile and headphone etc. Traditional culture also we find. 

 In this we can see the modern Indian culture of different states like Punjab, Nepal etc. And how they use Amul products in different ways.

  In this video we can find that how with the help of milk minds grow in diffrent fildes like sports , education and diffrent activities.

 so, through these three advertisement we can say that how culture and  a way of presenting(structure) is change as per time.

                                                  A cup of Tea
                                                           
                                                                            By Katherine Mansfield 
                                                     
        Katherine Mansfield ( 1889 - 1923 ) was much influenced by the shorts stories of Chekhov, and she started writing stories at the age of 18. she wrote many stories like, 1) " Bliss and other story" 2) " The garden party and other story" 3) " Dove's nest and other story" 4)" Some time childish and other story" 5) " Collected stories".

         In this story Rosemary is the protagonist. she belongs  to the upper class society and that's why she always goes for shooing to parish. she unaware about the real condition of poor people or lower class. During shopping time she meets with little girl.Name of this beggar girl is Miss Smith. who asked some money for A cup of Tea. At that time she fells pity towards her and she take her to her house. Than she serves some food and Tea of that girl and takes care of that girl also. When Rosemary's husband Philip comes and sees that her wife helped that poor, beggar girl at that time he decided to talk with his wife, and his wife Rosemarry decided to adopt this girl. Than Philip says that the girl is astonishingly Pretty. Because he don't  like this girl in his home. Suddenly Rosemarry's mind change and she gives some money to that girl and says good bye to her.

                                              So, here we find two important themes like, 1) concept of beauty 2) Upper class v/s Lower class. As well as the through the character of Rosemarry writer shows the working of women's mentality and jealousy. Class division and psychological condition of women are also well presented in this story.
                                                                                                                                                                                            

                                                                            
                                                                           

                               

                                          Blow up with the ship

                                                                         By Wilkie Collins

         Wilkie Collins ( 1824 - 1889 ) is an English novelist and play wright of the 19th century. Most of his works reflect the elements of mystery and crime.

         Blow up with the ship is also one mystery story. This story takes place in 1888.This story divided into three parts. In first part The narrator  joined the ship in his childhood. Name of the ship is  " Good intent".In this time war is going between Span and America, and through this ship American people provide weapons. That's why this ship contains a sours of gunpowder and Soldier. And that's why some rules are there like not smoke in ship and they should not light the pipe  also . These rules followed by all workers except the captain.And one day some spies of Spain came, and captain takes the control.

                                                  In second part pilot wants to revenge with the Narrator and he plans to blow the narrator with ship.He become almost successful also to kill him.

                                                   In third part , narrator finds him self in his native place. And Narrator always afraid of a kitchen candlestick. It's shows human fear and mental condition. conscious and the unconscious mind also played their vital role. So, one can say that this story perhaps based on long lasting dream, which affects the real life of the narrator and in which he makes his unconscious fear strong.

The Postmaster

 
                                                The Postmaster

                                                                          By Rabindranath Tagore
                   
 
           Rabindranath Tagore ( 7 May 1861 -7 August 1941) achieved the Nobel prize in literature in the year 1913. He wrote novels, poetry, short stories, travelogues, essays, drama etc.His works are frequently noted for their rhythmic, optimistic and lyrical nature.

           This story based on  cultural difference. In which two characters are there The postmaster ( Dada babu) and one village girl named Ratan. Dada Babu is posted in a village near Kalktta named Vlapur. But he does not like the atmosphere of village because he borne and grownup in city. So he feels like a fish out of that village is a typical. Ratan worked in Dada babu's house and because of loneliness post master start sharing all his personal talks and about his family and friends also.Ratan is a orphan girl.The postmaster talks their relationshiop as a very normal, but on the other side Ratan starts gtting attracted towards him. And she belived that Dadababu would surly take her with him. On the other side Dadababu wants to request for transpher but his transfer request is rejected, and which forces him to resign from the post of postmaster.

                                          At the end Ratan explain her wish, but Dada babu firmly denies and postmaster offer her for his entire salary but after listening this she become very upset and she denies with respect. So, through these two characters Tagore show the cultural difference and different thought process.                    

The Mother

The Mother                                                                             

                            By - W. Somerset Maugham
        
                    
                                                                        

                               
                                


                                W. Somerset Maugham ( 1874 - 1965) . He is one of the most popular writer of English fiction and drama.He has written many  fictional works like " The Moon and sixpence", " Cakes and Ale" and " Of human bondage".  once he visited India in 1938 and he affecting by Indian Psychology he wrote " The Razor's Edge". His stories are concerned with human follies and foibles. He was master in presenting ironies of life.

                                 " The Mother" is a touching story of a one jealous and possessive woman . Her name is La Cachirra. Story open also with one quarrel with Porter. Her son name is Currito and she becomes very possessive towards Currito. other new characters introduced in this story named Pilar and Rosalia. Currito fall in love with Rosalia. La Cachirra spent seven years in jail because she wants to save her son from the Pepe Santi. so, she she lived many years without her son and when she coming back at that time again she lives alon withought her son becaouse Currito busy with her beloved and his work.But for Cachirra ,she has none in the world only her son So, that's why at the end La Cachirra steabbes Rosalia into her neck and kills her.

                                   So, through this story and the character of La Cachirra as a mother writer represents the women's Psychology and problem of isolation or suffering. Because every women has one craves for some one's company in her life. so we easily find that her abnormal behavior is the outcome of human sufferings. Maugham was genius to portray this.

I. A. Richards's - A Figurative Language

तुम लाए कपड़े

और सब नंगे हो गए

तुमने कहा

पहन कर इसे हम सभी

सभ्य सुसंस्कृत हो जाएंगे

सब बर्बर हो गए

फिर तुमने कहा

अच्छा ऐसे नहीं ऐसे पहनो

इतना नहीं इतना पहनो

ऐसा पहनो वैसा पहनो

पर हमारे हिसाब से पहनो

जिसे आसानी से उतारा जा सके

चाहे घर हो संसद हो या हो सड़क

कपड़े से तुम कितना खेलते हो

बंद कमरे में नंगा होओगे खुद

और स्त्री को कर दोगे नंगा

कहोगे यह नंगापन नहीं प्रेम है

फिर तुम्हीं मर्यादा संस्कृति की रक्षा में

किसी स्त्री को कर दोगे खाप में नंगा

कहोगे उसका परिवार था ही इस लायक

तुमने यह भी कहा

कपड़े से कुछ नहीं छुपता

इंसान विचारों से होता है नंगा

इस तरह तुम

सामंती लैंगिक क्रूरता से

छुपाते रहे नंगापन

औद्योगिक घरानों की सांठगांठ से

जो मेहनत की रक्त में

कपड़े बुन रहे थे

तुम करते हो भेद कपड़े से

कौन कितना कमाता है

किसकी हैसियत कितनी है

वह विकसित है कि अविकसित है

कपड़े में लिपटा व्यक्ति इंसान नहीं

अमीर है या गरीब है

वह नर है कि मादा है

उसकी जाति क्या है

उसका धर्म क्या है

कौन करेगा यह कनफेशन

कि जब तक तुम्हारे कपड़े नहीं आए थे

कोई नंगा नहीं था  

 I.A. Richards’s – A Figurative Language

Scientific  study :-

  

  (1)     Words Kapde and Naange means wearing clothes and nudity both are contrast, so this first question arise when we read this poem as a scientific way.

  (2 )            तुम लाए कपड़े

                और सब नंगे हो गए

                तुमने कहा

                पहन कर इसे हम सभी

                सभ्य सुसंस्कृत हो जाएंगे

                                     Which two person talk with each other?

   (3) Why clothes used in various way?

   (4) As a feministic view also we can see, at that time we assume that the speaker of this poetry is woman.

Emotive Study :-

  

   (1) The form of the poem is satire .

   (2) Ex of some lines like: -

कहोगे यह नंगापन नहीं प्रेम है

फिर तुम्हीं मर्यादा संस्कृति की रक्षा में

किसी स्त्री को कर दोगे खाप में नंगा

कहोगे उसका परिवार था ही इस लायक

    

    In which myth of Sita from Ramayana and myth of Draupadi  from Mahabharata used .

   (4) At some point the poem is like the voice of “ AAM AADMI”  (middle class people) against the political leaders or parties.

  (5)  The concept of movie PK directed by Rajkumar Hirani      described the concept of clothes very well.

 Be transparent is important.

   

         So, when we study A Figurative Language , specially in this poem at that time we come to know that how Nature V/S Culture and language V/S Clothes portray.