Daybreak

                                                            Daybreak

                                                                                    By – H.W.Longfellow


Poet Introduction : -

         H.W. Longfellow was ( 1807 – 1882 ) basically a nature poet. He was a American poet and educator. He was a traveler , a linguist and a romantic poet. At the sometime he was rooted in America life and history.
 
Poetry Introduction : -

     This poem have eighteen lines and Longfellow has personified the presents the poem and message of awakening to other agents of nature and in human world. Poet describes the atmosphere was very mist, still and heavy air.

Analysis : -

       In the first two lines of the poem the poet says that, wind come and tells mists give it space and go from there because now it is morning. In the next two lines it calls to the mariners and says start their journey on the sea because night is gone. The next two lines says, hurries come on the landward and cry for everyone to walk up because it is the day.

         The next two lines says that wind went to the forest and asked to open the leaves and create the sound. Next two lines says the wind touched folded wing of wood bird and said to open the wings and their singing and fly. Next two lines, it went to the form and requested the clear day is too near.

       In the next two lines the wind went to the fields of corn and whispered to the corn and are to rising. And next two lines wind went to the belfry tower because it can wake up to others and orders to proclaim the bell. The last two lines are different compared then the previous lines because wind crossed the churchyard but it feels the sigh because it cannot pass its message to there.

Conclusion : -

       poet talks about wind, it passes the message to others, “ Awake and keep on working”.

      The rhyming scheme of this poem is AABBCCDDEEFFGGHHII. And figures of speach is Apostrophe.

Light

                                                               Light

                                                                              By – F.W. Bourdillan


Poet Introduction : -

       Francis William Bourdillan was ( 1852 – 1921 ) a British poet and translator. He was educated at Worcester college of Oxford. He acted as tutor of the sons of prince holsteil. He is known mostly for his poetry and in particular the single short poem “ The night has thousand eyes”. He had a many collections published including among the flowers and other poem well known in the field of literature.

Poem Introduction : -

        This poetry is divided into two stanzas, each consisting of four lines as the title poem suggest it fexuses on the theme of light. This poem is short but it is meaningful poem about life. This popularity known a ' The night has thousand eyes' published in October 1873, Bourdillan campers the day with human beings.

Analysis : -

         In the very first stanza the poet uses personification by comparing eyes with stars “ The night has thousand eyes” by this line the poet wants to says that the eyes of the night are the stars and the eyes of day is sun in remaining two line the poet talks about the inevitability of the end to everything by saying that even the powerful sun has to die by the end of the day. A symbolic representation of light vs darkness.

          In the second stanza the night is no longer addressed but the human mind is spoken of and the heart is know personified the lines “ The mind has a thousand eyes, and the heart but one”. The poet shows the fluctuating but in the heart is always advnanr and speaks truth. Heart i represent love and emotion, so will your emotion vanish. In the last two lines the poet talks about the light of the life dying which again is not our hand.

Conclusion : -

             Being a very simple poem. It talks about the mortality associated to everything related to nature. The poet want's to say that there is nothing in the world is permanent.

           Rhyming scheme of the poem is ABAB, and figures of speech is personification.

The character of happy life

                                 The Character of a happy life

                                                                                          By – Henry Wotton


         This is a poem by Henry Wotton focuses on the ingredients reburied in order to lead a happy life divided into six stanzas. This poem makes us aware about now to lead a happy life.


        In the first stanza, the poet says that if a person who is educated does not follow what the others say and his extremely honest o his own self and his lives in the simple truths of life is consider to be happy.


         In the second stanza the poet further explains us that a person who is not driven by passion and is always prepared for death. He how does not worry about to much of fame or privacy is supposed to be happy.


           Moving towards the third stanza the poet fells that a person is happy if he does not envy anybody who has no vice and does not follow any other rule except the rule of good.


         The fourth stanza makes us aware about the characteristic of a happy person. Who is free from all the remorse. Who is morally strong who is not fond of flattery or criticism.


         Fifth stanza talks us that a person who prays to God both early and late who has well chosen 300ks or friend is considered to be happy.

         The last stanza is a combination of all which says that a happy man his free from all the bands fearless of rise or fall, who is a master of himself is the happiest person of all.


          The poet talks about “ He” ( third person singular ) through out the poem but he does not talk about any particular man. The poet described the characteristics of a noble and happy man who is honest simple, not slave of his desier. He follows the rules of goodness which will lead him to the right path. So, we can say that the title is also very appropriate one and it properly leads the theme of the poem. Rhyming scheme of this poem is ABAB.

The Fly

                                                              The Fly

                                                                                By – William Blake

         This poem is supposed to be William Blake take on the mortality of living being divided into five stanzas. This poem deals with a simple theme of how a humanbeing without ill intention kills a fly and regrets it latter on through this poem. William Blake wants to justify that every living being is equal in the eyes of God.

           Each stanzas is divided into four lines and in the first stanza the puts foreword on argument that the protagonist of poem unintentionally kills the fly with the brush of his hand. It was extremely thoughtless as and action but the poet shows the feeling of regret in the following stanza.

          The second stanza shows the comparison between the fly and the poet himself. There are two questions asked by the poet in this stanza where in the poet calls himself, as good as a fly and regrets the act committed by him.

         In the following stanza the poet gets a touch philosophical by saying that all his enjoyments of drinking, dancing, and singing would come to an end any day as the God's hand would brush away his life in no time and it would be the same act that he committed by killing a fly.

         In the next stanza he talks about the thought process of human beings to how live and die along with the thought that they carry. The thought ends with the end of any body's life.

              In the final stanza the poet ends by saying that he is as good as a fly irrespective of whether he lives or dies Blake through this five stanza wan't as to believed that everybody from the smallest creature to the largest everybody is equal in the eyes of God and that the brush of morality could come on anybody anytime.

Fame and Friendship

                                           Fame and friendship
                                                                                                By – H.A.Dobson

Poet Introduction : -


              Henry Austin Dobson was ( 1840 – 1927 ) an English poet. His official carer was uneventful but biographer. He was distinguished. Those who study his are struck by it's maturity.


Poetry Introduction : -

        Fame and Friendship divided into two stanzas is a poem which talks about the impotents of friendship over fame and how friendship can be more reliable even after death. Where as fame is something which only stays with the human being for a brief period of time.


Analysis : -


                   In the first stanza the poet criticized fame as the food for dead man it is extremely personal as a concept as know one is around when you are very famous. Fame makes people extremely lonely and they find nobody around to celebrate their achievements along with fame comes loneliness which is very difficult to get over too.


           In the following stanza poet start by saying that friendship as compared to fame is a nobler thing because even after physical death. One can leave in the memories of his friend friends would always remember the best part of each other and make funeral of every fault that he may have.


Conclusion : -

            In comparing friendship can be far more fruitful as against fame. Poet portrays the importance and adventure of friendship. More ways than one and this is what the poet wants us to believe and chose friendship over fame. Rhyming scheme of this poem is ABABCDD.

Virtue

                                                             Virtue

                                                                               By – George Herbert

Poet Introduction : -

          George Herbert ( 1593 – 1633 ) was English poet, orator, and American priest. He is fifth son of an eminent welsh family. His mother was Magdalen. He is bing born in to an artistic and wealthy. The poetry foundation Nestleb some where within the age of Shakespeare and age of Milton is George Herbert.

Poetry Introduction : -

          This poem is deviated into four stanzas, talking about virtue as what will live forever even. After the destruction of the world.

Analysis : -
        In the first stanza poet talks about a perfect day which is supposed to be ideal but as per the cycle of the nature it has to end at one point in time anything that beings in the world has to necessary end because anything is this material world is mortal by it's very nature.

         The second stanza deals with a sweet rose which is in full bloom but it's real beauty lies within in the roots of the plant and it's external beauty has to die one day as it's beauty is not at all permanent in this mortal world.

         Though third stanza poet talk about the spring seasons which is known as king of all seasons and the nature around is at it's best during this particular season everything in the lap of nature seems to be picture perfect but it has to unfortunately end with the upcoming seasons . What ever that is in the purview of nature is immortal in it self.

          The last stanza is terms of it's approach unlike the earlier stanza this stanza talks about what will live instead of what dies. In this stanza the poet talks about the virtues soul which would live even after every thing in his world has turned into ashes.

Conclusion : -

        Courtesy this poem the poet want to send a massage that a humanbeing would always be remembered by his or her deeds end the good deeds will turn into. Virtue which would be immortal. Rhyming scheme of this poem is ABABAB.

She walks in beauty

                                                    She walks in beauty

                                                                                                    By – Lord Byron
Poet Introduction : -
            George Gordon Byron ( 1788 – 1824 ) . He is usually referred to as Lord Byron was a prominent British writer most famous for the influence of his poetry on the Romantic movement. He was to be one of the most illustrious poets of British literary . Even though his writing style was Lucite classical. His works are not short poem but also his two narrative poems.

Analysis : -

              She walks in beauty is a testimony to the beauty of his love.Her beauty is as pure and as clear as the cloudless sky. And the stars add to the glittering beauty. Her beauty has a sans of tenderness. Which is extremely heavenly. She is rare combination of darkness and brightness which are visible in term's of the meeting of the emotions in her eyes.

                 She is projected as somebody who is almost perfect and the grace .That she carries is absolutely unmatchable. She is physically very beautiful because of her personality from within. The physical description starts with her tresses. Which add to her beautiful face. Moving to her face it is supposed to be extremely transparent where in all the thought can be expressed has they are. The purity of her face multiplies because of her eloquent cheeks and brow.

          Her face is a “ dwelling place” for the calmness and maturity. Her smile is so effortless that her face. Start to blush as and when she smiles because of her internal goodness. She looks beautiful from the outside and also shows that her mind is at piece with the happiness around and her hart which is full of innocent reflect in the way in which she has lead her life full of b lease.

         This poetry project Byron's love for his beloved and it a way expressive what he feel for her day in an day out.

Conclusion: -

          To sum up the poem is well organized because it has a clear pattern and these things help on the correct understanding of it. The main topic is latent into the three stanzas through the expression of the ideas and the meaning of the symbols and themas that appear in it. The fact that we cannot find a big amount of the devices is explained because the poem is simple instructed and language it has a logical order and it is not necessary to confuse it. In this poem ABABAB rhyming scheme is use. Simily figures of speach used well.

Fear no more

                                              Fear no more

                                                                                 By – Wiliam Shakespeare
   
                  Shakespeare's poem Fear no more is actually a part of his dream “  symbelline”. At appears as a song on the death of one of the characters. This poem is based on the concept of in morality of death. The poet wont's to say that death over power's every things else. This poem id divided into three stanzas and every one of them gives prominence to the inevitability of death.

              In the first stanza the poet says that a dead person is free from the fear of extrema heat or the raging winds of strong winter or chilling winter. The people who are dead after finessing there deeds on the earth and death is what you revive in return as a part of your wages. Death takes them to heaven. The poet further suggest that every humanbeing is born with a precondition of death irrespective of charming boys or beautiful girls or even poor chimney sweepera's death is supposed to be the greatest of the levelers sines inception. At the end everything turns to dust.

        In the second stanza the poet further argues that we should not be afraid of eny tyrant as they become helpless when we are dead we shouldn't take care of food and clothes as they are not as important as we project them to be and after death. There is nothing like inferior feelings for a dead man. Everything is the same as everybody from the king to the scholar while have to day one day and turn to dust.

         In the last stanza the poet tells us not to be afraid of lightning or cloud burst and we shouldn't be afraid of any negative oppiniouns given by any body because for a dead everything seems to be natural even the same place as their elders did, that is to death and to dust.

           This poem suggest that the ultimate reality the life of death and death is freedom. Which is justify properly in the song by William Shakespeare. Rhyming scheme of this poem is ABABCC.

A fine day

                                                               A fine day

                                                                                    By – Michael Drayton

Poet Introduction : -

        Michel Drayton was ( 1563 – 1631 ) studied at Oxford. He was an English poet. His other works are his Nymphidia the court of fairy the Baron's works the legend of great cromwell. The battle of again court beside humorous legends,sonnets and other pieces . Michael Drayton was made poet laureate in 1626. He was buried in west minster abbey.

Poetry Introduction :-
           A fine day is simple poem about a day which is almost perfect. And eightline poem and a poem with lucid language and simple exprations.

Analysis : -

           In the first line of the poem, the poet says that the day is absolutely flawless moving further to the second line the poet says that because of slanted rays the sky looks as if it is chequered.

           Through the third line the poet talks about thin clouds which are forming cobweb on the sky. And he says that there is a lawn of the clouds on the sky. Moving to the fourth line the poet personifies the sun by giving it the name od an eye.
 
                  Moving towards the fifth line the poet moves on the wind and in the sixth he talks about how leisurely and with utmost comfort it blows it is that in the seventh line it is blowing in such a manner that in the seventh line the poet by using his imagination makes the leaves kiss each other and in the last line of the poem the poet makes the leaves come closer with every blow that it produces.
 
Conclusion : -

          In this simple poem we come across the fact that the poet was extremely fond of nature. And through this poetry the poet showcases his expertise in the filed of nature poetry with minimum of exaggeration maximum effect is produced.

          The rhyming scheme of this poem is ABAB, and figures of speach are simile and personification.

The Eagle

                                                            The Eagle

                                                                                     By – Lord Tennyson

                               The Eagle is a poem expressing the Eagle's altitude at which the Eagle flays along with it's extreme amount of confidence and it's reach at the top. A very simple poem but extremely complex in terms of it's theme and it's plot.

                    This poem comprises of to stanzas with three lines each. In the very first stanza the poet personifies. The Eagle by use in the word or the pronoun “ He” letter on in the first lien the word “ hands” is used which further personifies the Eagle. In the second line it is shown closer to the sun from where everything looks like a miniature.

               In the second stanza the sea underneath looks as if it is wrinkled and crawling and from that night is seeks it's prey and as soon as at locates the prey it st-rye like thunderbolt and goes to the top again.

                 Through this poem Lord Tennyson wishes to put inf rent of us. The magnanimity of the Eagle by project it has a human to the readers.

I love all beauteous things

                                          I love all beauteous things

                                                                                         By – Robert Bridges

Poet Introduction : -

              Robert Seymour Bridges ( 1844 – 1930 ) was a British poet. He was educated at Eton college and corpus christi collage , Oxford. He was an English poet laureate from 1913. Bridges was born in Walmer and he married in 1884.

Poetry Introduction : -

              This poem talks about hoe the human beings have started ignoring. What is made for them. According to the poet, God has gifted humans with this beautiful world, but we don't have time to appreciated. We are always raining after things which are momentary.

Analysis : -

      In the first stanza, the poet says that, he is in love with all the beautiful things in the world.And he is always looking foreword towards. According all the things that are created by God. But most of us do not find time to even have a look. At the beautiful things created by God.

       In the second stanza the poet himself besides to makes something and wishes to enjoy every moments. He does not worry about whether it will have any significance tomorrow or not. It mite seem that it will turn out to be a senseless creation letter on because poet believe that it is all about the process and not the product. According to the poet beauty lies in the minute details.

Conclusion : -

        The poet through this poem wants us to represent the creation of God and enjoy it's being. In this poem ABCCB rhyming scheme used.

The old woman

                                                The old woman

                                                                          By - Joseph Campbell


Poet Introduction : -

                    Joseph Campbell was ( 1904 – 1987) an American mythologist, writer and lecturer, best known for his work in comparative mythology and comparative religion. His work is vast covering many aspects of the human experience.

Poetry Introduction : -

         This poem is a jam of simplicity. Campbell has very finely praised the beauty of an old lady. It's very easy to see beauty in young women but it needs understanding and imagination to see the beauty of old age. Here the poet skillfully portrays a life of the old woman with all her major responsibility over and who is living her life in solitude. This poem consists of three stanza with each stanza comparing her with three different aspects.

Analysis : -

                       In the first stanza she is compared with the purity, piousness, holiness and peace of the ambiance of theology temple. As the white candal looks beautiful and chaste in the manner she look extremely beautiful in her old age. Here by say rang that she beautiful the poet wants to focus on he sense of satisfaction. That can be see on the face of the old woman.

           In the second stanza she is compared with the radiance of the winter sun. Which gives up as sanes of calmness and happiness in the season. Where in sun is required the most along with this the poet wishes to justify, her long journey of life and her long travel with lost and lost of ups and down in life.

        In the third stanza the comparison go is further when he compares her with the still water under the ruined mill.the poet compared the stillness of thought of the old woman alone with if her thought process as become static in nature.

Conclusion : -

        By concluding the poem we can say the poet has appropriately compared all the three elements. In this way the poet talks about the life of an old woman who is extremely s creme in her presents. In this poem simile figures of s peach used well.

The slave's dream

                             
                                           The Slave's dream
                                                                            
                                                                          By – H. W. Longfellow
Poet Introduction : -

         H.W. Longfellow ( 1807 – 1882 ) was an American poet and educator. He was studied in Cambridge university of U.S. Longfellow was born in Portland.

Poetry Introduction : -

        The slave's dream is a beautiful poem by H.W. Longfellow. Which depicts the poet's support to abolish slavery. This poem was one of eight poems include in a book entitled “ poems on slavery that” that Longfellow published in 1842. Although Longfellow is much better known for happier and more inspirational poetry.

Analysis : -

       This is a poem about a slave and the circumstances that he goes through in a foreign land. The slave is portrayed physically at a rise filed because of extreme tiredness. He falls flat on the ground and he starts drinking about his native land. The phrases “ Ungathered rise” and sickle show that he fell on the land while working because of extreme weakness. His hair ware braid in sand he was almost in the shadow of his native land.
 
   The second stanza the dream takes over. The realistic situation and he goes imaginatively in the land of his dream where the loudly Niger river flows and he again started feeling as if he was a king.

       In the third stanza the dream further extend into his family as he start missing his “ Dark eyed queen” and his children and the dream had such intensity that the eye drops started foaling on sand.

          In the fourth stanza he unlike his real situation starts seeing him self as a free man because we can see him riding the horse at raped speed and enjoying the ride.

             In the fifth stanza he is shown foaling the flamingos around the tamarind field. While going through same. He in his subconscious start viewing his “ caffrehuts”.

       The next stanza is a sequential one where in he Liston to the lion's roar, the Hyman's scream. The noise of the crushing reeds and the victorious sound of drums.

          In the seven stanza talks about the forest and the desert and how he feels libraped in his native land.

          The last stanza comes back to the physical condition of the slave. Who is lying on the filed absolutely sensation less because he does not even feel the whip of the driver or the burning heat of the day. We can see that his soul has attained freedom. His body in real life was never allowed to be free but God made him free from the Bard wires of mortality.

Conclusion : -

          The last stanza of the poem shows liberation as the only means of freedom for the slaves. The last stanza it is very touching to hard slaves achieve the dream. He will not feel the pain of the whip and burning heat of the day, his spirit is finally realized free from his haggard body.

        The Rhyming is ABCBDB. The figures of speech is climax used in this poem.

La belle dame sans merci

                          La belle dame sans merci

                                                                               - By John Keats

Poet Introduction : -

      John Keats ( 1795 – 1821 ) was studied in king's collage of London. He was very well known English romantic poet. He wrote many odes. He was one of the main figure of the second generation of romantic poet's along with Lord Byron.

Poetry Introduction : -

  La Belle Dame sans mercy means the beautiful lady without mercy / pity. This poem written in 1819 and published the next year in a form slightly different from the one here. Which talks about a soldier. Who has Staffard by the hands of beautiful lady. This poem is written in 12 stanzas . Which showcases the suffering of the soldier.

Analysis : -

     In the very first stanza the soldier is questioned by a stranger near the river on the cold hill's side. Where in the stranger finds the soldier in a pathetic condition alone an loitering aimlessly and the second stanza, the stranger further questions the soldier on his condition. Where the nature is very beautiful but the knight is suffering.

     The third stanza the stranger talks about his fever and his facial condition. As he was looking extremely pale.

        The knight starts answering the stranger about how he met a beautiful lady in the meadows. How was like a fairy's child with beautiful eyes and long hair.

     In the next stanza he talk about how he maid garlands and bracelets of roses in her love as a gift.

        In the six stanza , he talks about how he met her comfortable on the steed and kept looking at her. By listening to her wonderful songs.

    In the seven stanza talks about how he thought that in strange language she kept on speaking I love you and found him roots and honey to eat.

        Then she took him to the where in she cried and I made her comfortable by kissing her eyes.

     In the nine stanza , she made me sleep by singing a lullaby and that is when he saw a dream which was very dream full and found himself near the hill.

   In the next stanza the dream continues where he saw many kings and princes all most dead and were crying “ La belle dame sans merci”.

      In the eleventh stanza he found all the kings, princes, soldiers in extremely poor condition and he was awake all of a sudden. Almost shocked because of the bad dream.

          In the last stanza he says that , that is the reason why he is alone and palely loitering on the cold hill's cold .

Conclusion : -
          The last stanza of the poem shows liberation as the only means of freedom for the slave. For slaves, ultimately it is only death in which they will find solace, for they can dream but due to their helpless state cannot achieve their dreams. It is very touching to read the last stanza he will not feel the pain of the whip and the burning heat as his spirit is finally released free from his haggard body.

How much land does a man need ?

                                  How much land       does a man need ?


              Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy ( 1828 – 1910 ) was a Russian writer who primarily wrote novels and short stories. Later in life, he also wrote plays and essays. His two most famous works , “The novels war”and “peace and Anna Karenina” are acknowledged as two of the greatest novels of all time and pinnacle of realist fiction. Tolstoy is equally known for his complicated and paradoxical person and for his extreme moralistic and ascetic views, which he adopted after a moral crisis and spiritual awakening in the 1870s after which he also became noted as a moral thinker and social reformer.

* Pakhom jeopardizes losing everything because of more greed.
        This particular story revolves around the charactor name Pakhom and his greed. It revolves around the theme of leading to your own demise. Two sisters are talking to each other from which one resides in the town where as the other in the village. The one who state in the village is the wife of Pakhom and she seemed to be happy and contended with her life. But her husband is dissatisfied with his life. Finally he dicides to buy some land and saw the seeds in his own land and reap the benefits. After some time when he starts earning good, he wants more. Then once he meet with a peasant , that Peasant talked about the land which is very cheap as good as dirt cheap near Volga. Pakhom gets interested in going there and buying some land for his own.

            The land that the visitor was talking about belong to the Bashkirs. They were very kind hearted people who would give him as much land as he wants and all they expected was good gifts is return. Pakhom finally decides to go there along with his family and decides to buy some gifts for Bashkirs. He and his family reach their where in they meet the Bashkirs and flood them with a lot of gifts. All of them are very happy and they decide to gave land as much as he wants. Chief agrees for the deal and tells him to start walking. The land that he might cover before the sunset would be signed under the deed. The end of the story becomes very tragic as Pakhom tries to over rich and causes his own demise.

                  The moral of the story is that one should not be to ambitious and dissatisfied with whatever one. Containment is what is required to be happy. The story is in a way didactic in nature and shows that exstive desire may lead to one's own down fall.

                               “ Lalach buri bala hai”

                             “ Santosi nar sada sukhi”.

A True story

                                                                      A True story

           “ A True story” is written by Mark Twain ( 1825 – 1910). His real name is Samuel Langhorne Clemens. He is born in Floridas in the united states. He becomes one of America's most widely read authors. His work show a penetrating insight into contemporary society. He seems to be very concerned for human suffering. His best known works are “ The adventures of Tom sawyer”, “ The adventures Huckleberry finn” etc.

          In this story two characters are major Master – C and Aunt Rachel. Master – c is narrator. Aunt Rachel was a servant because she was black woman.Narrator asks some questions and then Aunt Rachel said about her happy life and to share her secret with him. She said that she had a lots of trouble in her life. She had a loving and faithful husband and seven children but unfortunately her husband and six children were sold in an auction. Then her last seven son Henry was also sold, she try to saved him, but she can't but before that he said his mother that he would buy freedom for her. As time passed she got aged , though she become the slave of colonel's house. But one day she met her seventh son Henry in one party at colonel's home. Henery become a soldier.

              So, here Mark Twain shows the conndition of Negro people. Writer draws a picture of slavery in south America before it is abolished. Black people belived that they were born to be slave, because some of the colouerd people tried to get that position in society. So , we can say that this story is about one Negro woman's pain and suffering, because at that time Negro slave were sold and made to live in inhuman conditions. And the writer underlines the women 's pathetic condition and several problems in their life.

              Here i want to add some my views regarding this story that, here we find the main thing is power and culture. American white people ruled on black negro people. We can see that how they were marginalized people. Here we can apply the term colonialism.Black people known as colonized people . Black women became double marginalized in society. Because one side white ruled , and other side men always dominant in society. So in cultural studies Gayatri chakravarty Spivak wrote one beautiful work “Can Subaltern Speak?” White people always behave like “ Self and other” with black people.