OD- Oneness of literature

     In the  essay " Tradition and individual talent" T.S.Eliot talked about the tradition, means not the traditional but the historical sense . sense of history or knowledge of history is much important, because history is our grate heritage. we should learn from the history. He said that " Pastness of the past and it's relevant with present". so with the use of historical thinks and the talent writers produced something new and artistic things. For example, in his great work , " The waste land" he used various myth and historical figurers like myth of Sibyl, and Tristan and isolde. And historical or mythical figurers like Hyacinth, Apollo and poseidon etc. His epic poem Waste land is also connected with the great historical event world war - 1. So, we can understand that he had a good historical and mythical sense because he was very learned man , that's why he known as a classiest. Same way in John Keat's odes also he used so many mythical figures and myths also, so we can't understand easily but read a lot.

     Same way in the Northrop Frye's Archetypal Criticism he talked about  oneness, because the skeleton or DNA of all literature is same, for example Taj mahal used for as symbol of love and on that theme many movie like Romio and Juliat made, various seasons like spring, winter and all. so through this various symbol we can easily understand.

      So, all literature has oneness because writers wrote with the help of historical sense and try to show the human emotions, and felling with this type of Archetypal symbols. Because

 

Respected sir,

Here i am present my views regarding these three questions,

1) This first question is very debatable, because both T.S. Eliot and Friedrich Nietzsche are different in their views but both are right in their views. so as per Nietzsche's views he said that believes in your , Faith in self, and God is dead.and talked about " superman". so, faith in self is good, and we have such a good examples like Buddha , and Christ , but latter on they became God and people start worshiping.on the other side Eliot was very religious person, and that's why he used various example of Myths, and Buddhism, Hinduism etc. And through this he put his idea well, he talked on universal psyche. Eliot is regressive as compared to Nietzche. Eliot achieved universality .
2) T.S. Eliot and Freud both are contemporary, and both are right in their views though they different. Because Eliot was religious man, and that's why he talked about that repressed your ' Primitive instincts' and he talked about salvation and spirituality, through this he he try to preserve the nation and culture also. on the other side Freud talked as per psychologist's view that don't repressed your any wishes because which is very harmful, even in Primitive instincts also. Osho also said same things in the book " Sambhog se samathi " that it is also a way for spirituality. In the movie Fire by Deepa Mehta, we find that how Radha and sita fulfilled their repressed desires, in different way. so most of the people can't repressed their desires. In the case of Eliot, we notice that when we read his autobiographical views we find some unconscious view and some real life element also present .
3) In The Waste land , he uses many references of Indian religious. Through this he try to gave the universal touch of his idea on spiritual degradation and sexual perversion. In last part " What the thunder said" he used such things from Upnishad,
e.g.


“Ganga was sunken, and the limp leaves waited for rain,
While the black clouds Gathered far distant, over Himavant.”

Eliot uses the three " Da"  which is taken from " Brihadaranyaka Upanishad". Means...

1.Datta.... Be Giver

We have to be giver. For sake of  humanity, lots of people scarified their life also because only blood purify the evils. Humanity are survived only because of such people. so, it is said that....

" Blood is thiker than Water."

2. Dayadhvam....Sympathies

Everybody is in his prison because of self ego. And self is the key to come out from it but really it is very difficult task.

3. Damyata........Self Control



Everything is burning in waste Land. Boat as body and Fishing and fished, through this we find that Western culture has bad connotation with sexual perversion and spiritual draught. So, Self control is the most important.

Original lines of the poem which suggest above three meanings, like..

        “DA
        Datta: What have we given?
        My friend  blood shaking my heart
        The awful daring of a moment's surrender
         Which an age of prudence can never retract
By this, and this only, we have existed
         Which is not to be found in our obituraies
         or in memories draped by the beneficient spider
         Or under seals broken by the lean solicitor
         In our empty rooms
        DA
       Dayadhvm: I have heard the key
       Turn in the door once and turn once only
       We think of the key, each in his prision
       Thinking of the key, each confirms a prison
       Only at nightfall, aetherial rumours
       Revive for a moment a broken coriolanus
       DA
      Damyata: The boat responded
      Gsily, to the hand expert with sail and oar
      The sea was calm, your heart would have
      responded
      Gaily, when invited, beating obedient
      To controlling hands
I     sat upon the shore
      Fishing, with the arid plain  behing me
      Shall I at least set my lands in order?

London Bridge is falling down falling down falling
        down

Poi S'ascose nel foco che gli affina
        Quando fiam ceu chelidon- O swallow swallow
         le prince d'Aquitaine a la tour abolie
 These fragments I have shired against my ruins
         Why then lle fit you. Hieronymo's mad againe.
         Datta. Dayadhvam. Damyata.

         Shantih  Shantih  Shantih “

Sarjak sathe savvand

                                                                                     25th June, 2017                               
                                         
              Department of Gujrati ,Mk Bhavnagar university organized one beautiful program " Sarjak sathe savvand", in this program renowned personalities like Krishnkant Unadkat , Jyoti Unadkat and poet Vinod Joshi were invited as a guests. Krishnkant Unadkat and his wife Jyoti Unadkat both are very well known columnist and writer. Jyoti Unadkat worked 20 years in Chitrlekha magazine also. They shared useful information that how writers wrote , and also shared their writing style that how they wrote. And sheared their experiences. They said that writing is important, and in the 21st century we have technology and social media so it help a lot, now a days social media like FB made a young good writes also. It help to enhance your writing skill. Jyoti Unadkat shared their experiences of as journalist and said about Godharakand and Akshardham incident .

            
 So, It was really very healthy and knowledgeable interaction with them. It's became fruitful for me. So thank you so much Pro. Dr. Dilip Barad and department of Gujarati for providing this wonderful opportunity.

movie review of (1) Modern time (2) The great dictator by Charllie Chaplin

                   AS a student of English Literature we studied various ages. In sem - 3 in the paper of Modernist literature we studied 20th century, and for further or deep understanding we watched two movies. Both are classic movie made by very well known English comic actor sir Charlie Chaplin. Here i am shearing my views regarding these movie.

(1)  Modern Times 

      Released  - in 1936

      Director - Charlie Chaplin

              This is a comedy film. It was screened " out of competition" at the 2003 cannes film festival. In this movie two major characters are there Charlie Chaplin as a Factory worker employed on an assembly line, and where he screws nuts. But he was like Tramp boy, so he can't focus on his work and not done any work seriously. But because of industrialism he did same work monotonous way, and his mind also worked same way. But because of poverty and unemployment he did it. Other character is Gamin, she was an orphan girl and she had a lots of responsibility of their two little  sisters or unemployed father also so she steal food items and their primary needs. And time and again both the characters mat in cafeteria and Buckingham palace etc and they struggle  to survive .

               so, through this two characters director poverty the time and the condition of 20th century. In that time problem of poverty,  unemployment, orphan childes, class problem , industrialization we find. And because of all people worked hard they can't enjoy nature also , and they face pathetic situation. people control ed by time. Workers time and again going on strike, because of freedom, liberty and money. This type of situation now a days we also face because of industrialism, mall culture and etc. In this movie we can find that charlie  wants to stay in prison, because he had no home  . This movie satirized on department store and industrialism, mall etc. so, through this movie charlie shaw the bitter truth of industrialism, people always  lives under the authority of any power person, now cctv cameras. When we see the condition of poor people at that time we find out the real progress of any country.

                   In the novel Oliver Twist , Charles Dickens also wrote about the what is the impact of industrialization on people.

                

    Symbols : -  

                        1) sheep                                                       2) Clock

                     
                 This movie is best for cultural studies also. Movie end with a beautiful message that " Life is a Journey" . So, be happy and moving is important. Find your happiness.






   ( 2 ) The Great dictator 

         Released -  in 1940 during second world war

         Director - Charlie Chaplin
 
                  It is a comedy drama film. It is a political satire . In this movie Charlie played a double role. His acting is such a great. This movie is hard to understand but with the help of Google 's we can understand. Because it is based on history, and history is always boring . But as per T.S. Eliot,

                  write about, " historical sense" in " Tradition and the Individual Talent". He writes that the historical sense involves a perception, not only of the pastness of past but of it's present.so the knowledge of history is important. And this movie very well shows the Hitler's rules and regulation and how he ruled at that time.

                This is first Chaplin's sound film. He was Jewish Barber and in other role he was great dictator - Hynkel, instead Hitler. How Jewish people harassed by Hitler, they lived with fear in gheeto. we can find that which kind f leader ruled and people suffered.

                 So, this movie is also important for cultural studies, because literature and politics both are interrelated. and how power plaid vital role in culture also. this kind of some characteristic of politics we can see in current time also.

                 The last speech of this movie is very meaningful and important. And very famous also, this speech given by one Jewish barber, because by mistake he caught as a Hynkel. He said " Fight for liberty not for a leaders" . Above i share the video of this last speech.

                 Both movie help a lot to understand the history of 20th century.

       

                      







  
                      

           

              

Modernist Poems : - Identify Modernist Metaphor in short Poems

Hello Readers ,

          The  literature of the 20th century can, in fact , be read as an attempt to deal with the discovery of the hopelessness of courage and fallibility of mankind in the face of war. so the modernist literature is all about 'Realism'. In which all writers and poet , artists shows that time and the impact of war on the people.

            So, this blog is my classroom activity and here i try to interpret these 10 poems  of modernist literature as per my views.

(1) The Embankment by T.E. Hulme

             Embankment is an area of  London . In this poem poet recold their happy days of past. ' Flash of gold heels ' but then suddenly he prayed a God that he want one blanket because he want warmth in cold nights. Here ' star - eaten blanket' metaphor used. Here star used in negative sens. God provide this blanket for star not this poor man, so we can find out that what is the social  condition of poor or homeless people.

(2) Darkness by Joseph Campbell

                The title of this poem it self suggest that this poem is about darkness, because the time of this poetry is after world war so the dark impact of these world war easily we can saw in poet's mind through this poem. Poet wants to watch stars  but he can't so he just find only the light of the stars. so ,how this night is looking dark without stars, generally night is always beautiful with stars and moon. So, darkness symbolically represent and it's sagest the condition of that time.

(3) Image by Edward Storer

Forsaken lovers,

       Burning to a chaste white moon

       Upon strange Pyres of loneliness and

       drought.

   

        This is love poem. ' Forsaken lovers' means the people, who became helpless, because of Victorian time's problems like racism, poverty, unemployment or disease, sexual perversion and nothingness. so, here poet say that the ' Burning to a chaste white moon' means their heart burn and they felt loneliness and drought. so this poem 'Image' is image of  modern time.

(4) In a station of the Metro by Ezra Pound 

         The title of the poem it's suggested the modern life, because during 20th century entertainment , industry, television, radio, cinema became popular aspect of modern life. poet beautifully explain all things with the examples of natural elements ' tree'. we all live in same civilization like one tree, but tough we are different like various parts of tree. Here poet gave the examples of petals and wet black bough. we can't stay any particular one place for long time same like petals and bough falls down. So we can say that poetry talks about robotic life of people .

(5) The pool by Hilda Doolittle 

         Water is not free moving , but stored at one particular place, and the water became spoil  so same way the life of is not free and that's why poet ask question that ' Are you alive?'. people live with a lots of fears . " Sea fish " means people ,it's a modern metaphor , and fish is covered with net same way people also under the dark impact of war and Victorian time so they controlled not free. They trapped under social, political and religious rules and regulation. On the other side we can said that poet talked about the women condition also, and that's why she ask " Are you alive"?

(6) Insouciance by Richard Aldington 

 In and out of the dreary trenches

       Trudging cheerily under the stars

       I make for myself little poems

       Delicate as a flock of doves

       They fly away like white-winged

        Doves.

           " White winged doves" is modern metaphore. This poem about the freedom. poet wants freedom and fly away because he faces the dark time of wars. Here poet talked "dreary trenches"    dreary means  dark and trenches means hole then " Trudging cheerily" means ch earful long walk so here poet portray dark and bright side of life.

(7) Morning at the Window by T.S. Eliot 

           This poem talked about poverty, but the when we read  first title " Morning at the window" it suggested good or positive so the title and poem both are completely different. " Muddy Skirts", " Twisted Fad faces", " Basement Kitchenes"  these all words shows the poverty and slum area. so poet shows the miserable and pathetic condition of people. They can't fulfill their primary needs also. Poet talks about the layman's life.

(8) The Red Wheelbarrow by William Carlos Williams
 
            This poem has various agriculture metaphors like " Red wheel", "rain", " white Chicken" so, it's talked about farming. poet deny the old style of farming, because 20th century is the time of technology and perhapes this person or farmer don't know how to use new technique in farming. That's why  he was very much depended on rain, bull-cart and etc.

(9) Anecdote of the Jar by Wallace Stevens 

             Tennessee is the state of America.  In modern age poet used symbol well, and here in this poem also Jar - man made symbol used. and on the other side poet put this jar on the hills .so at the end or ultimately nature win. so, the natural elements or symbols  are more powerful. Poet very well elaborate the beauty of jar.

(10) Leaf fall on loneliness by E.E. Cummings
 
             The structure of the poem is very different, but is directly connected the situation and the time of war and that's why poet wrote poem in broken words. Poet gave an example of " Leaf Fall" means here he talkes about the loneliness or isolation.

 

            

                                                                                         Thanks.